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Mutual Support: a Factor in the Evolution of Piotr Kropotkin: A Proposal for Discursive Analysis Through Voyant Tools

El apoyo mutuo: un factor en la evolución de Piotr Kropotkin: Una propuesta de análisis discursivo a través de Voyant Tools

Javier Colodrón Valbuena

Piotr Kropotkin is considered one of the main classical authors of anarchism, as well as the father of the anarchocommunist current. One of his major concerns, embodied in much of his extensive output, was the search for a natural explanation, in relatively Darwinian terms, of the unnaturalness of human beings´ individualistic and unsupportive social behaviour, which, to some extent, stemmed from the wild and unbridled capitalism that dominated the world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This is precisely the theme on which Mutual Support: A Factor in Evolution is based. This paper, based on the third edition in Spanish published by Nossa y Jara Ediciones, analyses, from the novel perspective offered by the Digital Humanities, the discursive line followed by Kropotkin in this work. Through the Voyants Tools tool, composed of several panels for the academic reading and interpretation of texts, we have been able to verify in what terms the Russian thinker´s response to those social Darwinists who argued that aspects such as exploitation, inequalities or capitalist individualism represented one more element of human adaptation to the natural environment was constructed.@en

Piotr Kropotkin está considerado uno de los principales autores clásicos del anarquismo, así como el padre de la corriente anarcocomunista. Una de sus mayores preocupaciones, plasmada en buena parte de su extensa producción, fue la búsqueda de una “explicación natural”, en términos relativamente darwinistas, de lo antinatural que resultaba para el ser humano el comportamiento social individualista e insolidario que, en cierta medida, derivaba del capitalismo salvaje y desenfrenado que dominó el mundo a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Esta es, precisamente, la temática sobre la que se desarrolla El apoyo mutuo: un factor en la evolución. El presente trabajo, elaborado a partir de la tercera edición en castellano de Nossa y Jara Ediciones, analiza, desde la óptica novedosa que nos ofrecen las Humanidades Digitales, la línea discursiva seguida por Kropotkin en esta obra. A través de la herramienta Voyants Tools, compuesta de varios paneles para la lectura académica y la interpretación de textos, hemos podido comprobar en qué términos se construyó la respuesta del pensador ruso a aquellos darwinistas sociales defensores de que aspectos como la explotación, las desigualdades o el individualismo capitalistas representaban un elemento más de la adaptación humana al medio natural.@es

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